Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas. Pathology occurs in acute and chronic forms. The disease has a fairly specific symptom: severe pain in the left hypogastrium, sometimes with a tenacious nature, fishy-smelling stools, nausea and vomiting.
Diet for people with pancreatitis is one of the main areas of pathological treatment. The patient's menu depends on the general health status and disease period. It is necessary to adhere to a medical diet for several months.
General principles
Nutrition for people with pancreatitis should be limited. The basic principles of the diet:
- fractional nutrition - feed must be taken five to six times a day in small portions;
- Dishes should be crushed, to facilitate the digestion of food;
- allowed cooking methods are steaming and boiling;
- fresh vegetables and fruits are strictly prohibited, i. e. not cooked;
- the allowable daily salt intake is not more than 5 grams;
- mandatory infusion and decoction on rosehips;
- The dishes served on the table must be warm - hot and cold are both contraindicated;
- Preservatives, semi-finished products, fatty/fried/high-salt foods and products are strictly prohibited.
Deviation from the principles of a nutritious diet can provoke the development of an attack of pancreatitis.
Allowed and Prohibited Products
To reduce the production of pancreatic juice and reduce the load on the inflamed gland, it is necessary to completely exclude from the patient's diet:
- Soups cooked with a rich broth of meat, fish and mushrooms, as well as complex soups - cabbage soup, pickles, borscht. Refrigerated and dairy products are excluded.
- Bread - today's wheat/rye flour baked goods, puffs and cakes, butterscotch pies, tortillas.
- Fatty meats - pork, lamb, duck, goose - sausages, offal, canned and smoked meats.
- A fish. Fatty, smoked, and salted are prohibited.
- Milk and lactic acid products are high in fat.
- Groats - millet, pearl barley, wheat, corn.
- Fried and boiled eggs.
- Vegetables - radish, radish, garlic, pepper, eggplant, cabbage, spinach.
- Sweets - jam, ice cream, fresh dates, grapes, bananas, figs.
- Spicy seasoning.
- Coffee, strong tea, coffee, soda, grape juice.
- Refractory fats - pork, beef, lamb.
When developing a menu for each day, it is necessary to take into account the recommendations of nutritionists and use only approved products. It:
- homemade dry bread, cookies, crackers;
- vegetarian soup with added pureed vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin, carrots - noodles, semolina or oatmeal;
- lean meat - chicken, rabbit, turkey - in the form of cutlets, soups, dumplings, roast beef;
- low-fat fish varieties - pollock, carp, cod;
- cereals - oatmeal, semolina, rice - used to make cereals, casseroles, puddings;
- low-fat milk and lactic acid products;
- steamed omelette without yolk;
- vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, beets, squash, cauliflower, carrots, green beans;
- sweets and fruits in the form of mousses, jellies, puddings, apples baked in the oven;
- sauce - buttermilk and cook in vegetable broth (when using flour, the latter is not pan-fried);
- butter and vegetable oils;
- weak tea with lemon, still mineral water, rosehip decoction, juice diluted with water.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
If we talk about the type of diet that is recommended for patients with acute inflammation, here is the 5P treatment table. For the first two to four days, a person should fast completely. Only liquids are allowed - rosehip decoction, Borjomi (non-carbonated), weak tea. The patient then switched to nutritional therapy. The allowed menu includes dishes that are not salty, but rich in carbohydrates.
Approximate list of possible dishes on the menu:
- steamed omelette on protein;
- meat soup;
- dumplings filled with fish meat;
- pureed soups - rice and oatmeal - and vegetarian options;
- pureed vegetables;
- crushed porridge - rice, buckwheat, oatmeal;
- apples in the form of jelly or mousse;
- fruit drinks from wild persimmons, cranberries, black currants;
- tea with the addition of milk;
- cheese and dishes from it;
- cereal pudding.
Before going to bed, you can give kefir, yogurt, a glass of water with a teaspoon of honey dissolved in it, prunes and raisins.
Approximate weekly menu
When planning a week's menu, it must be remembered that the patient's diet must be varied. When developing a menu for the sick person for the whole week, you can apply the following recommendations.
Breakfast can be served with boiled beet salad and dried fruit, 150 grams of low-fat cheese and rosehip broth, steamed omelette without yolk, light tea with biscuits, crushed oatmealand berry jelly, pumpkin porridge, rosehip drink, cheese with biscuits, rosehip broth, buckwheat puree, monosodium glutamate.
Second breakfast: boiled rice porridge with steamed raisins, carrot salad with vegetable oil, apples stuffed with dried apricots baked in the oven, pumpkin and carrot puree, boiled beets, baked apples with sugar.
For lunch, vegetarian soups such as borscht, boiled fish with well-boiled rice, boiled beef, cheese casserole, steamed chicken cutlets, pasta with boiled, pan-fried minced meat are allowed. Snack options: fruit jelly allowed, vegetable roll, fresh berry jelly, fruit pudding, baked potato, avocado sandwich and a slice of cheese, mashed beans.
Dinner: baked apple puree and low-fat yogurt, rice porridge with raisins, varenets, vinegar and yogurt, steamed cauliflower, a glass of yogurt, zucchini caviar, kefir, steamed omelette, baked milkfermented, rice pudding and low-fat yogurt.
Alternating dishes, you can create a "tasty" weekly menu to provide the patient's body with all the necessary substances but at the same time the pancreas also receives a minimal amount of nutrition. You can find recipes for some of the dishes below.
Nutrition for the combined episode of pancreatitis with gastritis or cholecystitis
If the underlying disease is accompanied by the development of cholecystitis, then the allowed menu includes:
- mucilage soup made from rice, oatmeal or semolina;
- pureed porridge, boiled in water, strictly forbidden to add milk and butter;
- vegetable juice, vegetable juice;
- homemade white bread croutons;
- boiled meat, fish;
- low-fat cheese.
With a combined episode of pancreatitis and gastritis, the menu should include mashed soup from oatmeal, rice and semolina, you can add egg yolks and a little butter, mashed vegetables - potatoes, carrots, beetroot - along with milk or cream. , steamed Soufflés, cutlets, etc. dumplings from minced meat and fish.
Strict selection is recommended only in the acute phase of the disease. After the patient's condition stabilized, the patient switched to the recommended diet for chronic pancreatitis.
Features of the diet in childhood
The leading principles of children's diets are portioning, maximum grinding, compliance with culinary requirements and variety. Small portions, if served regularly, will help keep your child from feeling hungry. In this case, there are no violations of metabolism.
Daily calorie intake is calculated based on the child's weight and age. During the period of remission, the menu is allowed to include fresh vegetables and fruits (to a limited extent), but the basis of the diet is cereals with milk, minced meat dishes - chicken, turkey, soupsvegetables without adding meat, fish - boiled. or baking, boiling vegetables, dairy products. In small quantities and daily, it is allowed to feed the child marshmallows, marmalade, jam, jam, honey.
Important!When introducing a new product into the diet, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the child.
Cooking recipe
We offer you several recipes for dishes that can be prepared for diagnosed pancreatitis.
Beef cake
Grind boiled beef (130 g) in a blender. Place the tapioca starch (10 g), the beaten egg whites, the yolks, and a little water (about 1/3 cup) in a blender. Add a few salt crystals. Oil the mold, put the prepared minced meat in a double cooker.
Fish Dumplings
Grind lean fish (300 g) in a meat grinder. Grind a quarter of a loaf of dry bread and pour the pieces with milk (100 ml). Shape the bread and mix it with the ground meat, adding a little bit of the beaten protein. Add salt and mix well. Form into small balls with two tablespoons and boil them in salted water until soft. This process will take about 15 minutes.
Vegetable soup
Cook until potatoes are fully cooked (2 pcs), carrots, and half a small zucchini. Ladle the broth into a separate bowl, use a blender to chop the vegetables until pureed. Pour the puree with the broth to the desired consistency and bring to a boil. Cook for 3 minutes. Serve warm with a spoonful of sour cream in the soup.
Fish pudding
The fish carcass must be divided into two fillets. Bring the first part to a boil and rub through a sieve. Grind the second portion in a meat grinder. Combine both masses, add egg yolks, butter, salt. Knead. Divide into pieces and steam until cooked.
Chicken soup
Grind boiled chicken in a meat grinder. Place egg yolks and butter in a bowl of minced meat. Mix thoroughly. Then gently beat the beaten egg whites. Pour the mass into the mold and steam.
Banana dessert
Dissolve 2 packets of gelatin as directed. Add 250 ml of natural yogurt from it. Steam a few peeled bananas and peaches. Line the bottom of the plastic mold with foil. Form the dessert in layers - cookie crumbs, yogurt cream with gelatin, banana - peach puree. Alternating layers. Put the sweetness in the fridge to let the jelly solidify.
Compliance with dietary guidelines in pancreatitis is a prerequisite for achieving persistent and long-lasting remission. The menu for patients with pancreatitis in adults and children with appropriate growth can be quite diverse and fully meet all the needs of the body.